yalentine



(No MM.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 11. J. H. VALENTINE.

VAPORIZER.

Patented Aug 4. 1885.

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2 Sheath-Sheet (No Model.) J. H. VALENTINE.

VAPORIZER. No. 823,547. Patented Aug. 4, 1.885.

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NITED STATES PATENT @rrice.

JAMES H. VALENTINE, OF STANLEY, NE\V JERSEY.

-VAPORIZER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.323,51-'7, dated August 4, 1885.

Application filed March 20, 1884.

To (L-ZZ whom it may concern:

Be itknown that I, J AMES H. VALENTINE, a citizen of the United States, residing in Stanley, in the county of Morris and State of New Jersey, have invented certain Improvements in Vaporizers, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to Vaporizers or censers used chiefly for vaporizing or evaporating medicinal substances, although applicable also for vaporizing perfumes or incense.

The use for which this vaporizer was specially designed is for vaporizing cresylic acid.

or vapo-cresoline in the sick-room for the treatment of diseases of a zymoticcharacter such as diphtheria, whooping cough, and asthma.

The present vaporizer is an improvement upon that disclosed in the Patent No. 247,480, granted September 27, 188], to George Shepard Page and myself as assignees of H. Carpenter.

Figure 1 oft-he accompanying drawings is a side elevation of my improved vaporizer. Fig. 2 is a similar view, the upper portion of which is in mid-section; and Fig. 3 is ahori zontal section of the upper part of the device with the basin or liquid-receptacle removed. Fig. at is an elevation and partial section 01' the device as applied to a gas-burner, and showing a modified construction.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, the ringshaped base or foot A, the uprightframe or standard B, and the small night-lamp O, which fits into the base A,are all constructed in the same manner as heretofore.

D isthc cup or basin in which the liquid to be vaporized is placed. This basin is set on the top of an open vessel or cup, E, having raised sides or edges a, so that when the basin D is placed thereon a chamber or cavity, F, is formed beneath it within the vessel E. The edges of the basin are turned down slightly at Z, in order to fit over the edges a of the vessel E and retain the basin in place thereon. Ihe bottom of the vessel E is formed with an open ing, 0, preferably in the center, and below the vessel E is a bell, G, the top of which communicates with this opening 0. Thesides of the vessel E are perforated atintervals with small openings 17 d, inlicu of which, however, its up- (No model.)

per edge may be crimped or serrated, there by leaving interstices between the edge and the basin D for the escape of the gases. \V hen the lamp Qwhich stands directly beneath the bell G, is lighted, the hot gases arising from it are collected by the bell and drawn into it and pass up through the opening into the chamber F. On entering this chamber the gases divide and flow in divergent currents toward the outer wall of the chamber, where they pass out through the openings (Z d.

In vaporizing vapo-cresoline it has been determined by experience that the most advantageous temperature is about 180 to 200 Fahrenheit. A much higher temperature decomposes the cresylic acid, and a lower temperature vaporizes it too slowly. If the basin containing the cresylic acid were exposed above a lamp to direct contact of the heated gases therefrom, the temperature would be liable to be raised too high. To prevent this and properly temper the heat which reaches the liquid, a shield or deflector has been fixed below the basin, as shown in said Patent No. 247,480. This prevents the overheating of the liquid, but has the effect of unnecessarily delaying the commencement of the vaporization by reason of too completely cutting off the heat from the basin. Furthermore, any considerable deposit of carbon upon the un derside of this shield, due to the smoking of the lamp, will so impede the conduction of heat to the basin that the vaporization of the liquid will be greatly retarded or entirely stopped.

My invention aims to effect the more thorough and uniform distribution of heat to the basin, and to its entire undersurface, thus eX- pediting the vaporization, and also to avoid the effects of the smoking of the lamp, while at the same time so tempering the hot gases that the liquid in the basin shall not be overheated. The latter result is due to the absorption of heat from the gases by the metallic bell G and vessel E.

\Vith my vaporizer the smoking of thelamp is less likely to occur because of the better draft afforded; but if the lamp does smoke the vaporization is not thereby itffGQtGd, since the deposit of carbon is mainly confined to the bell G, and the opening 0 is not closed, so that the heated gases still continue topass into the chamber F. As the gases enter this chamber they are drawn outwardly by the draftfrom the holes (I d,so that they pass beneath the entire under surface of the basin, thus heating the entire body of liquid,while permitting but little smoke to be deposited upon the basin.

Vith my improved vaporizer the vaporization of the liquid commences much sooner than with the vaporizer heretofore used, the vaporization is more rapid, thereis no greater liability of overheating the liquid, and the smoking of the lamp does not impair the vaporization. In case of a slight draft, which deflects the rising current of gases, the heat retained in the chamber F of my device will continue the vaporization for a considerable interval, whereas with the old form of device the vaporization would almost immediately cease.

In short, my improved construction retains all the advantages and almost wholly avoids the defects of the construction shown in said patent, while possessing certain new advantages of its own.

The chamber F may contain deflecting plates or does for determining the path of the gases, if desired.

The basin D is, as already stated, made removable, which greatly facilitates filling or cleansing it, and by providing two like basins the one which has been used for vaporizing the cresylic acid or other medicinal or disinfecti ng substance may be removed and replaced by the other basin, which may contain perfumery, in order to disguise the disagreeable odor of the medicine or disinfectant.

Fig. 4 shows the vaporizer as adapted to a gas-burner. The frame B has a clamp'at its bottom for engagement with the burner. This View shows a slight modification of the construction of the bell G. The bell is made with a small dome, c, projecting into the chamber F, and this dome has a number of small holes, 0, formed in its sides, through which the hot gases enter the chamber. These holes are the equivalents of the opening 0 in Fig. 2. This construction prevents the direct impingement of the hot gases against the bottom of the basin, and directs them laterally, while the top of the dome e shields the basin from the direct heat.

XVhen the vaporizer is used over a gasflame, the latter is liable to be turned uptoo high, so as to ox'erheat the liquid. The employmcnt of this intercepting dome reduces the liability of this overheating. This c0nstruction may also be applied to Vaporizers used over lamps, if desired; but I do not consider it necessary.

My vaporizer is equally applicable for Vaporizing other substances than cresylic acid, and in case such substances vaporize at ahigher or lower temperature, the proportions of the device may be suitably altered, or a larger or smaller flame may be used. The heat applied to the liquid may be readily increased to a considerable extent by closing or reducing the holes (I (1, thereby confining the heat within the chamber F.

I am aware of the construction of vaporizer shown on page 153 of Parrishs Pharmacy.

I claim as my invention- 1. A vaporizer consisting of the combination of the basin D for containing the liquid to be vaporized, a cup shaped vessel, E, adapted to support the basin and deep enough to form an air-chamber beneath it, and having an opening, 0, in its bottom, and the frame or standard B, adapted to uphold the vessel E above a source of heat, substantially as and to the effect set forth. I

2. A vaporizer consisting of the combination of the basin'D for containing the liquid to be vaporized, a cup shaped vessel, E, adapted to support the basin and deep enough to form an air-chamber beneath it, and having an opening, 0, in its bottom, a bell, G, arranged beneath said vessel and communicating with said opening, and the frame or standard B, adapted to uphold the vessel E and bell G above a source of heat, substantially as and to the effect set forth.

3. A vaporizer consisting of the combination of the basin D for containing the liquid to be vaporized, a cup shaped vessel, E, adapted to support the basin, deep enough to form auair-chamber beneath it, and having an opening, 0, in its bottom and a series of small openings, (2 d, in its sides, whereby its interior becomes a draft-flue, and the frame or standard B, adapted to uphold the vessel E above a source of heat, substantially as and to the effect set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JAMES H. VALENTINE.

\Vitnesses:

ARTHUR O. FRASER, G. K. FRASER. 

